Los tres tribunales reales del common law: 1).-The Exchequer of Pleas, or Court of Exchequer. 2).-The Court of Common Pleas, or Common Bench 3).-The Court of King's Bench |
1).-The Exchequer of Pleas, or Court of Exchequer. Los Barons of the Exchequer, o barones scaccarii , eran los jueces de la corte inglesa conocida como Exchequer of Pleas . Los barones estaban formados por un barón jefe de Hacienda ( Chief Baron of the Exchequer) y varios barones puisne ( inferiores ). Cuando Robert Shute fue nombrado segundo barón en junio de 1579, la patente declaraba que "tendrá reputación y será del mismo orden, rango, estimación, dignidad y preeminencia a todos los efectos que cualquier juez puisne de cualquiera de los otros dos tribunales". ." El auge del comercio en la Inglaterra isabelina ocasionó la aplicación fraudulenta de acción Quo minus. Más impuestos exigieron que el personal de la tesorería tamizara un aumento en la carga de casos, lo que provocó que los casos de litigio más generalizados llegaran a los tribunales. Desde la década de 1580 en adelante, los Barons of Exchequer ya no se tenían en tan baja consideración y era más probable que fueran Sargentos antes de la calificación. Los Inns of Courts comenzaron a excluir a los solicitors y ocuparon puestos de jueces y barones abiertos por igual a los barrister. En 1591, las Regulaciones reflejaron un caso en el que Lord Keeper Egerton prohibió a los solicitors buscar casos en el Tesoro. Juntos se sentaron como un tribunal de derecho del common, escucharon demandas en el tribunal de equidad y resolvieron disputas de ingresos. Un barón puisne se denominó "Sr. Barón X" y el barón principal como "Lord Chief Baron X". Originalmente eran los mismos jueces que los de la Corte del Banco del Rey , y solo se convirtieron en cargos independientes después de la separación del Exchequer de la curia regis. En los primeros años de existencia del Exchequer, los barones eran los principales auditores de las cuentas de Inglaterra, un papel que pasó a los auditores dedicados durante el reinado de Eduardo II. Con la expansión del Tesoro durante la era Tudor, los barones se hicieron más importantes; donde anteriormente solo el Barón Jefe había sido designado de los Serjeants, con los otros Barones meros barrister, se convirtió en práctica para todos los barones de Hacienda ser sargentos. Esto aumentó aún más la posición del Exchequer, ya que por primera vez puso al Exchequer al mismo nivel que el Tribunal de Causas Comunes y el Tribunal del Banco del Rey, donde ya se requería que todos los jueces fueran Serjeants. Antes de los cambios de 1533, los Serjeants tenían precedencia sobre los barones "sentados en el tribunal superior,... de gran eminencia". A partir de entonces, obtuvieron el grado de cofia para calificar en Inns of Court como el tribunal principal de Westminster. De 1550 a 1579, hubo una gran distinción entre el barón principal y los barones puisne segundo, tercero y cuarto. La diferencia estaba en el estatus social y la educación. Todos los principales barones habían sido entrenados como abogados en las Inns of court . Con la excepción de Henry Bradshaw y Sir Clement Higham, ambos barristers-at-law, todos los principales barones que sirvieron a Isabel I , habían alcanzado el rango más alto y prestigioso de abogado, Serjeant-at-law . En 1841, la jurisdicción equitativa se transfirió al Tribunal de Cancillería, que se ocupa de los casos pecuniarios. |
Chief Barons of the Exchequer. |
1303 William de Carleton 1317 Sir Walter Norwich 1327 Hervey de Stanton 1328–1329 Sir Walter Norwich 1329 Sir John Stonor 1331 Sir Henry le Scrope 1337 Sir Robert Sadington 1344 Sir William de Shareshull 1345 Sir John Stowford 1345 Sir Robert Sadington 1350 Gervase de Wilford 1362 William de Skipwith 1366 Thomas de Lodelow 1375 Sir William Tauk 1376 Henry Asty 1381 Robert de Plessyngton 1384 William de Carleol 1386 Sir John Cary (d.1395) of Cockington, Devon. 1387 Sir Robert de Plesyngton 1388 Thomas Pinchbeck 1389 John Cassey 1401 Sir John Cokayne, known as the Elder. 1414 William Lasingby 1420 William Babington 1423 Sir John Ivyn 1438 John Fray 1448 Peter Ardern 1463 Richard Illingworth 1472 Sir Thomas Urswick 1480 Sir William Nottingham 1483 Humphrey Starkey 1486 Sir William Hody 1513 John Scot 1522 John FitzJames 1526 Sir Richard Broke 1529 Sir Richard Lyster 1545 Sir Roger Cholmley 1552 Henry Bradshaw 1553 David Brooke 1558 Sir Clement Higham 1559 Sir Edward Saunders 1577 Sir Robert Bell 1577 Sir John Jefferay, of Chiddingly, Sussex 1578 Sir Roger Manwood 1593 Sir William Peryam 1604 Sir Thomas Fleming 1607 Sir Lawrence Tanfield 1625 Sir John Walter 1631 Sir Humphrey Davenport 1645 Sir Richard Lane 1648 John Wilde 1655 William Steele, 1658 Sir Thomas Widdrington 1660 John Wilde 1660 Sir Orlando Bridgeman 1660 Sir Matthew Hale 1671 Sir Edward Turnor 1676 Sir William Montagu 1686 Sir Edward Atkyns 1689 Sir Robert Atkyns 1695 Sir Edward Ward 1714 Sir Samuel Dodd 1716 Sir Thomas Bury 1722 Sir James Montagu 1723 Sir Robert Eyre 1725 Sir Jeffrey Gilbert 1726 Sir Thomas Pengelly 1730 Sir James Reynolds, junior 1738 Sir John Comyns 1740 Sir Edmund Probyn 1742 Sir Thomas Parker 1772 Sir Sydney Smythe 1777 Sir John Skynner 1787 Sir James Eyre 1793 Sir Archibald Macdonald 1813 Sir Vicary Gibbs 1814 Sir Alexander Thomson 1817 Sir Richard Richards 1824 Sir William Alexander 1831 The Lord Lyndhurst 1834 Sir James Scarlett 1844 Sir Frederick Pollock 1866 Sir Fitzroy Kelly |
Puisne barons. |
1272/3–1283: Roger de la Leye 1272/3–1277: Hervey de Boreham 1273/4: Walter de Hopton 1273/4–1285/6: Roger de Northwood 1273/4: John de St Valerico 1274/5–1283/4: Philip de Wileby 1275/6–1299: John de Cobbeham 1283/4–1290/1: Peter de Chester 1284/5: William de Middleton 1290/1–1307: William de Carleton 1290/1: Peter de Leicester 1294–1312: John de Everdon 1295–1307; 1313–1320: John de Insula 1297/8–1307: Roger de Hegham 1299–1317: Richard de Abyngdon 1306–1307; 1324–1327: Humfrey de Waledene 1307–1310: Thomas de Cantebrig 1307–1308: John de Bankwell 1307–1323: John de Everdon 1308–1317: Richard de Abyngdon 1309–: John de Foxle 1310–: Roger de Scotre 1311: Walter de Gloucester 1311–1314: Walter de Norwich 1314–1316: Hervey de Staunton 1315–1320: John Abel (for a second time) 1316–1318: Ingelard de Warlee 1317–: John de Oakham 1318–1323: Robert de Wodehouse 1320–1324: Lambert de Trikingham 1320–: Walter de Friskeney 1322–1326: Roger Beler 1323–1327: William de Fulburn 1323–: Edmund de Passele 1324–1332: Robert de Ayleston 1324–1336: William de Everdon 1324–: Humfrey de Waledene 1326–: John de Radeswell Feb 4, 1327 – Oct 15, 1327: William de Boudon 1327–: Robert de Nottingham 1329–1331: Robert de Wodehouse 1330–1332: Robert de Aylston 1330–1344: William de Cossale 1331–1332: Thomas de Garton 1332–: Adam de Steyngrave 1332–: William de Denum 1332–: Thomas de Blaston 1332–1336: Robert de Scorburgh 1332–1334: John de Hildesley 1334–: Adam de Lymbergh 1336–: Nicholas de Haghman 1336–: John de Shordich 1339–1340: William de la Pole 1340–: William de Northwell 1341–: William de Broclesby 1341–1350: Gervase de Wilford 1344–1352: Alan de Ashe 1346–1348: William de Stowe 1347–1357: John de Houghton 1350–: James Huse 1352–1356: William de Thorpe 1354–1375: William de Retford 1356–1365: Henry de Greystock 1357–1362: John de Bukyngham 1362–1373: Robert de Pleste 1365–1375: Almaric de Shirland 1365–1376: John de Stokes 1373–: William Gunthorp 1374–1377: John de Blockley 1375–1377: John Penros 1375–1401: Laurence de Allerthorpe Jun 1377 – Oct 1377: Henry de Percehay 1377–?: Nicholas de Drayton 1383–1386: Robert de Plessyngton 1384–1403: William Ford 1389–1394: William Dounebrigge 1393–1399: Ralph de Selby 1399–1401: Thomas Ferriby 1399: John Staverton 1401–1403: Thomas de Tuttlebury 1401–1402: William Ermyn 1402–1412: Thomas Overton 1403–1423: Roger Westwode 1407: Henry Merston 1407–1423: Henry Somer 1410–1416: Richard Banke 1413–1422: Robert Malton 1421–1424: William Hesill 1423–1448: Nicholas Dixon 1423–: Thomas Banstre 1424–: Thomas Banke 26 May 1426–1 Oct 1426: William Ward 1426–1435: John Fray 1435–1438: William Derby 1436–1453: William Fallan 1438–1444: Roger Hunt 1438–1449: Thomas Levesham 1444–1456: Robert Frampton 1446–1449: John Holme 1447–1449: Gilbert Haltoft 1449–1470: John Durem 1453–1461: Thomas Thorpe 1458–70; 1471–94: Brian Roucliffe 1460–1470; 1471–81: John Clerke 1462–1467; 1470–1471: John Ingoldesby 1467–70; 1478–83: Ralph Wolseley 1467–: Nicholas Statham 1481–1483: Thomas Whitington 1483–1494: Edward Goldsburgh 1484–1487: John Holgrave 1487–1502: Nicholas Lathell 1488–1504: Thomas Roche 1494–1496: Thomas Barnewell 1496–1501: Andrew Dymock 1501–1521: Bartholomew Westby 1502–1513: William Bolling 1504–1513: John Alleyn 1511–1523: Robert Blagge 1513–1522: Edmund Denny 1521–1527: William Wotton 1522–1539: John Hales 1523–1536: William Ellis 1527–1538: John Petit 1528–1532: John Scott 1532–1538: John Petit 1536–1542: Thomas Walshe 1538–1540: John Danaster 1539–1547: John Smith 1540–1549: Nicholas Luke 1542–1545: Lewis Fortescue 1545–1548: John Pilborough 1547–1550: Robert Curson 1548–1549: John Darnall 1549–1562: Edward Saxilby 1550–1558: Robert Brown 1559–1579: George Frevile 1562–1566: Thomas Pymme 1564–1572: John Birch 1566–1576: James Lord 1576–1577: Thomas Greek 1577–1579: Christopher Muschampe 1579–1586: Robert Shute of Hockington, co. Cambridge 1579–1606: John Sotherton 1581–1584: John Clench 1584–1587: Edward Flowerdew 1586–1594: Thomas Gent 1587–1607: Robert Clarke 1594–1598: Matthew Ewens 1598–1607: Sir John Savile 1604–1625: George Snigg 1607–1617: Sir James Altham 1607–1610: Edward Heron 1610–1627: Edward Bromley 1617–1639: John Denham 1625–: Thomas Trevor 1627–1631: George Vernon 1631–1634: James Weston 1634–: Richard Weston 1639–1642: Edward Henden 1645–1659; 1660–1670: Edward Atkyns 1648–: Thomas Gates 1655: Robert Nicolas 1656: John Parker 1657: Roger Hill 1660–1675: Christopher Turnor 1663–1670: Sir Richard Rainsford 1670–1679: Timothy Lyttelton 1670–1673: Hugh Wyndham 1673–1679: Edward Thurland 1675–1678: Vere Bertie 1678–1679: Francis Bramston 1679–1686: William Gregory 1679–1686: Sir Edward Atkyns 8 May 1679 – 22 June 1679: William Leeke 1679–1680: Thomas Raymond 1680–1681: Richard Weston 1681–1684: Sir Thomas Street 1684–1685: Sir Robert Wright 1685–1691: Edward Nevill 1686–1688: Thomas Jenner 1686–1689: Richard Heath 1686–: Christopher Milton 1687–1688: Thomas Powell 1688–1689: Charles Ingleby 1688–1689: John Rotherham 1689–1700: Sir Nicholas Lechmere 1689–1696: John Turton 1691–1695: Sir John Powell junior 1695–1701: Sir Littelton Powys 1696–1697: John Blencowe 1697–1702: Henry Hatsel 1700–1702: Robert Tracy 1701–1716: Sir Thomas Bury 1702–1708: John Smith 1702–1726: Sir Robert Price 1702–1714: Sir William Bannister 1727–1736: Sir John Comyns 1714–1722: Sir James Montagu 1717–1718: Sir John Fortescue-Aland 1718–1726: Francis Page 1722–1725: Sir Jeffery Gilbert 1725–1729: Bernard Hale 1726–1745: Sir Lawrence Carter 1726–1736: John Comyns 1729–1739: Sir William Thomson 1736–1738: William Fortescue 1738–1740: Sir Thomas Parker 1739–1740: Martin Wright 1740–1747: James Reynolds 1740–1742: Thomas Abney 1742–1750: Charles Clarke 1745–1753: Edward Clive 1747–1759: Heneage Legge 1750–1772: Sir Sydney Stafford Smythe 1753–: Richard Adams 1759–1761: Sir Richard Lloyd 1761–: Henry Gould 1763–: George Perrot 1772–1787: Sir James Eyre later Chief Baron 1774–1776: Sir John Burland 1775–1805: Beaumont Hotham, 2nd Baron Hotham 1776–1799: Richard Perryn 1787–1826: Alexander Thomson 1799–1800: Alan Chambre 1800–1827: Sir Robert Graham 1805–1807: Thomas Manners-Sutton, 1st Baron Manners 1807–1823: George Wood 1814–1817: Sir Richard Richards 1817–1832: William Garrow 1823–1829: John Hullock 1827–1834: John Vaughan 1829–1839: William Bolland 1830–1834: Sir John Bayley, 1st Baronet 1832–1845: Sir John Gurney 1834–1855: Sir James Parke 1834–1857: Sir Edward Alderson Feb 1, 1839 – Nov 29, 1839: William Henry Maule 1839–1850: Sir Robert Monsey Rolfe 1845–1856: Sir Thomas Joshua Platt 1850–: Sir Samuel Martin 1856–1876: Sir George Bramwell 1856–1860: William Henry Watson 1857–1873: Sir William Fry Channell 1863–1875: Sir Gillery Pigott |
Cursitor baron. |
1606–1610: Nowell Sotherton 26 May 1610 – 18 July 1610: Thomas Caesar 1610–1631: John Sotherton 1631–1638: James Paget 1638–: John William Page 1638–1653; 1654–1685: William Barker of New Prison Walk and Hurst, Berkshire 1640–1645; 1660–1663: Thomas Leeke 1645–: Richard Tomlins 1663–1683: Sir Clement Spelman 1679–1683: Francis Crawley 1683–1685: Richard May 1685–1688: William Carr 1689–1696: George Bradbury 1696–1697: Richard Wallop 1697–1726: William Simpson 1726–1729: William Thomson 1729–1735: John Birch 1735–1740: George Clive 1740–1744: William Kynaston 1744–1755: Edward Barker 1755–1773: John Tracy Atkins 1773–1824: Francis Maseres 1824–1852: George Bankes |
2).-The Court of Common Pleas, or Common Bench era un tribunal de derecho common law en el sistema legal inglés que cubría las "súplicas comunes"; acciones entre los súbditos, que no incumbían al rey. Creado a finales del siglo XII y principios del XIII después de separarse del Exchequer of Pleas , Common Pleas sirvió como uno de los tribunales ingleses centrales durante unos 600 años. La Carta Magna señalaba que los tribunales reales, tenían que tener un lugar fijo, el tribunal del Common Pleas tiene su sede en Westminster Hall durante toda su existencia, junto con el Exchequer of Pleas y Court of King's Bench . La jurisdicción de la corte fue socavada gradualmente por King's Bench y Exchequer of Pleas con ficciones legales , Bill of Middlesex y Writ of Quominus, respectivamente.El Common Pleas mantuvo su jurisdicción exclusiva sobre asuntos de bienes inmuebles hasta su disolución y, debido a su amplio mandato, Sir Edward Coke lo consideró como la "cerradura y llave del derecho comun". Estaba integrado por un Abogado jefe y un número variable de jueces puisne , que debían ser sargentos de la ley , y hasta mediados del siglo XIX solo los sargentos podían tramitar en este tribunal. |
Chief justices of the Common Pleas |
List of Justices |
Simon of Pattishall d. c. 1217 1190 – 1206 Thomas of Moulton d. 1240 1224 – 1229 Robert of Lexinton d. 1250 1227 – 1236 William de Raley d. 1250 1229 – 1233 Robert of Nottingham d. 1245 1245 Henry of Bath d. 1260 1238 – 1241 Roger of Thirkleby d. 1260 1242 – 1249 Gilbert of Preston c. 1209 – 1274 1240–1260 Roger of Seaton c. 1230 – c. 1280 1270 – 1274 Stephen Heym d. 1275 1271 – 1274 Robert Fulks 10 April 1271 – 1274 Ralph de Hengham c. 1235 – 18 May 1311 1273 – 1274 William Weyland d. 25 March 1274 1273 – 1274 John Cobham 1273 – 1276 Richard de Stanes d. 1277 1274 – 1276 Thomas Weyland c. 1230 – January 1298 1274 – 1278 John de Lovetot d. 1294 1275 – 1289 Ralph de Farningham 1275 – 1278 Roger de Leicester 1276 – 1289 Walter de Helyun 1278 – 1281 William de Brompton 1278 – 1289 Elias Beckingham d. 1307 14 October 1285 – 1307 Robert Hertford 15 January 1290 – 1294 William Gisleham d. January 1293 15 January 1290 – January 1293 Robert Thorp d. 1291 15 January 1290 – 1291 William Bereford 7 February 1292 – 1309 Peter Mallore d. 1311 28 August 1292 – 1308 William Howard d. 1308 8 October 1297 – 24 August 1308 Lambert de Trickingham 1300 – 1316 Henry de Guldeford 22 November 1305 – 1306 Hervey de Stanton c. 1260 – November 1327 20 April 1306 – 28 September 1314 Henry le Stanton 20 November 1308 – 15 June 1317 John de Benstede d. 1323 6 October 1309 – 16 October 1320 William de Bourne 6 October 1309 – ? William Inge c. 1260 – May 1322 23 January 1313 – 1316 John Bacon c. 1250 – c. 1323 29 February 1313 – 16 October 1320 Gilbert de Rothbury c. 1260 – 1321 10 March 1316 – 1321 John Mutford c. 1258 – 1329 20 April 1316 – 1329 John Doncaster d. 1331 5 June 1319 – 15 October 1320 William Herle c. 1270 – 1347 6 August 1320 – 29 January 1327 John Stonor c. 1281 – August 1354 6 August 1320 – 22 February 1329 1 April 1331 – 7 July 1335 John de Bourchier 31 May 1321 – 1329 Walter Friskeney 9 July 1323 – 3 May 1324 31 January 1327 – 6 March 1327 Geoffrey le Scrope d. 2 December 1340 27 September 1323 – 21 March 1324 Henry le Scrope c. 1268 – 7 September 1336 5 February 1327 – 28 October 1329 Richard Willoughby c. 1290 – 14 March 1362 6 March 1328 – 22 December 1330 9 October 1340 – November 1341 20 November 1343 – 1357 John Travers 2 March 1329 – April 1331 Thomas Bacon d. 1336 30 December 1329 – 28 January 1332 Robert de Malberthorp d. 1332 18 January 1331 – October 1331 John Cambridge d. 1335 18 January 1331 – October 1334 John Inge 18 January 1331 – October 1340 John Shardelow d. 5 March 1344 29 January 1332 – October 1340 16 May 1342 – 5 March 1344 Richard de Aldeburgh 29 January 1332 – October 1340 16 May 1342 – 5 March 1344 William de Shareshull 1289/90 — 1370 30 May 1333 – 20 March 1334 14 May 1334 – 1340 1346 – 1350 John de Trevanion 24 September 1334 – 1334 William Basset 1337 – 28 October 1341 Roger Hillary d. 1356 18 March 1337 – 8 January 1341 4 June 1432 – 20 February 1354 William Scott d.1352/6 18 March 1337 – 2 May 1339 James Woodstock d. 1341 4 February 1340 – 3 January 1341 Robert Parving 23 May 1340 – 24 June 1340 Thomas de Heppecotes 8 January 1341 – 1342 Richard de Kelleshull 30 May 1341 – 1354 Adam Stonegrave 28 October 1341 – 10 January 1342 John Stouford d. 1359 25 May 1345 – June 1357 Thomas Fencotes 14 January 1348 – 30 March 1354 Henry Green d. 1369 6 February 1354 – 1361 Thomas Seton d. 6 May 1360 1355 – 6 May 1360 Henry Mutlow 4 July 1357 – 1361 John Mowbray 11 July 1359 – 1373 William Skipwith c. 1320 – c. 1398 25 October 1359 – 25 June 1361 8 October 1376 – 1388 John Knyvet d. 1381 24 June 1361 – 29 October 1365 John Delves 3 February 1364 – 1365 William Fyncheden d. 1374 29 October 1365 – 14 April 1371 William Witchingham 29 October 1365 – 1377 Roger de Kirton d. 7 December 1383 27 November 1371 – 1380 John Cavendish 27 November 1371 – 15 July 1372 Roger Fulthorpe 27 November 1371 – 1388 Henry Percy 26 November 1377 – 1380 Henry Asty d. 1383 6 December 1380 – 1383 John Burgh 4 November 1383 – 1388 John Holt d. 1418 4 November 1383 – 1388 William Thirning 11 April 1388 – 15 January 1396 William Rickhill d. 1407 20 May 1389 – 1407 John Wadham d. 27 July 1412 20 May 1389 – 10 May 1398 Richard Sydenham 20 May 1389 – 1396 John Markham d. 31 December 1409 7 July 1396 – 1408 William Hankeford c. 1350 – 12 December 1423 6 May 1398 – 29 March 1413 William Brenchley d. 20 May 1406 6 May 1398 – 20 May 1406 John Cokayn d. 1429 14 May 1405 – 1429 John Colepeper d. 30 August 1414 17 June 1406 – 30 August 1414 Robert Hill d. 1425 14 May 1408 – 1423 Richard Norton d. 20 December 1420 2 May 1413 – 26 June 1413 William Lodington d. 9 January 1420 16 June 1415 – 9 January 1420 John Preston d. 29 September 1434 16 June 1415 – 28 January 1428 William Babington c. 1370 – 13 October 1454 30 June 1420 – 5 May 1423 John Martin d. 24 October 1436 13 October 1420 – 24 October 1436 John Juyn d. 24 March 1440 5 May 1423 – 9 February 1436 John Hals 5 May 1423 – 23 January 1424 James Strangways c. 1410 – August 1480 6 February 1426 – 16 March 1443 John Cottesmore d. 29 October 1439 15 October 1429 – 20 January 1439 William Paston d. 14 August 1444 15 October 1429 – 14 August 1444 Richard Newton d. 13 December 1448 8 November 1438 – 17 September 1439 Thomas Fulthorpe d. 3 May 1457 29 January 1439 – 3 May 1457 William Ayscough d. 30 July 1454 17 April 1440 – 30 July 1454 John Portington d. 2 June 1454 1 July 1443 – 2 June 1454 Nicholas Aysshton d. 12 March 1466 9 October 1444 – 12 March 1466 Peter Arden d. 2 June 1467 7 June 1448 – 2 June 1467 Robert Danvers d. 17 April 1467 14 August 1450 – 17 April 1467 Robert Danby d. 1474 28 June 1453 – 11 May 1461 Walter Moyle c. 1405 – 11 December 1479 9 July 1454 – 11 December 1479 John Needham 9 May 1457 – 17 June 1471 Richard Choke d. 5 July 1483 5 September 1461 – 5 July 1483 Thomas de Littleton d. 23 August 1481 27 April 1466 – 23 August 1481 Thomas Yonge c. 1405 – 3/4 May 1477 4 November 1467 – 29 April 1475 Richard Nele d. 15 June 1486 17 June 1471 – 15 June 1486 John Catesby d. 23 January 1487 20 November 1481 – 23 January 1487 Humphrey Starkey d. 27 August 1486 27 June 1483 – 27 August 1486 Roger Townshend c. 1430 – 9 November 1493 20 September 1485 – 9 November 1493 John Haugh d. 14 March 1489 10 December 1486 – 14 March 1489 William Callow d. 29 July 1487 31 January 1487 – 29 July 1487 William Danvers d. 17 April 1504 5 February 1488 – 17 April 1504 John Vavasour d. 26 November 1506 17 October 1489 – 16 October 1506 John Fineux 11 February 1494 – 24 November 1495 Thomas Wode d. 31 August 1502 24 November 1495 – 28 October 1500 John Fisher d. 1 May 1510 3 November 1501 – 1 May 1510 John Kingsmill d. 11 May 1509 2 July 1504 – 11 May 1509 John Butler d. 15 December 1517 26 April 1508 – 15 December 1517 William Greville d. 9 March 1513 21 May 1509 – 9 March 1513 William Fairfax — 11 May 1514 26 June 1510 – 11 May 1514 Richard Elyot d. 20 May 1522 26 April 1513 – 20 May 1522 Lewis Pollard d. 21 October 1526 29 May 1514 – 21 October 1526 John More c. 1451 – 5 November 1530 23 January 1518 – 23 April 1520 Richard Broke d. May 1529 29 April 1520 – 24 January 1526 Anthony Fitzherbert c.1470 – 27 May 1538 20 May 1522 – 27 May 1538 Thomas Englefield d. 28 September 1537 12 November 1526 – 28 September 1537 William Shelley 1478/9 — 4 January 1549 17 November 1526 – 4 January 1549 Thomas Willoughby d. 29 September 1545 9 October 1537 – 29 September 1545 Christopher Jenney d. 20 November 1542 30 June 1538 – 20 November 1542 Humphrey Browne d. 5 December 1562 20 November 1542 – 5 December 1562 John Hynde c.1480 – 17 October 1550 24 November 1545 – 17 October 1550 James Hales c.1500 – 4 August 1554 20 May 1549 – 4 August 1554 Edmund Molyneux d. 28 August 1552 22 October 1550 – 28 August 1552 William Coke d. 24 August 1553 16 November 1552 – 24 August 1553 Edward Saunders 4 April 1506 – 12 November 1576 4 October 1553 – 8 May 1557 William Stanford 20 August 1509 – 28 August 1558 1554 – 28 August 1558 James Dyer 1510 – 24 March 1582 8 May 1557 – 22 January 1559 Robert Catlyn c.1510 – 16 September 1574 27 October 1558 – 22 January 1559 Anthony Browne 1509/10 — 5 May 1567 22 January 1559 – 5 May 1567 Died Richard Weston d. 6 July 1572 16 October 1559 – 6 July 1572 John Walsh, of Cathanger, Fivehead, Somerset d. 12 February 1572 10 February 1563 – 12 February 1572 Richard Harpur d. 29 January 1577 16 May 1567 – 29 January 1577 Roger Manwood 1524/5 — 14 December 1592 14 October 1572 – 17 November 1578 Robert Monson c. 1525 – 24 September 1583 31 October 1572 – 25 March 1580 Thomas Mead d. 26 May 1585 1 December 1577 – 26 May 1585 Francis Wyndham d. 18 June 1592 21 June 1579 – 18 June 1592 William Peryam 1534 – 9 October 1604 13 February 1581 – 7 February 1593 Francis Rodes 1524/5 — 17 January 1589 19 June 1585 – 17 January 1589 Thomas Walmsley d. 26 November 1612 10 May 1589 – 26 November 1612 Francis Beaumont d. 22 April 1598 25 January 1593 – 22 April 1598 Thomas Owen d. 21 December 1598 21 January 1594 – 21 December 1598 John Glanville 1542 – 27 July 1600 30 June 1598 – 27 July 1600 George Kingsmill d. 20 March 1606 8 February 1599 – 29 September 1605 Peter Warburton c. 1540 – 7 September 1621 24 November 1600 – 7 September 1621 William Daniel d. 19 May 1610 3 February 1604 – 19 May 1610 Thomas Coventry 1547 – 12 December 1606 13 January 1606 – 12 December 1606 Thomas Foster 10 August 1548 – 18 May 1612 24 November 1607 – 18 May 1612 Humphrey Winch 1554/5 — 4 February 1625 7 November 1611 – 4 February 1625 Augustine Nicolls April 1559 – 3 August 1616 26 November 1612 – 3 August 1616 Richard Hutton d. 26 February 1639 3 May 1617 – 26 February 1639 Died William Jones 1566 – 6 December 1640 25 September 1621 – 17 October 1624 Francis Harvey c. 1568 – 2 August 1632 18 October 1624 – 2 August 1632 Thomas Chamberlayne d. 27 September 1625 20 October 1624 – 27 September 1625 George Croke c. 1560 – 16 February 1642 11 February 1625 – 9 October 1628 Henry Yelverton 29 June 1566 – 24 January 1630 10 May 1625 – 24 January 1630 Humphrey Davenport c. 1566 – March 1645 2 February 1630 – 10 January 1631 George Vernon c. 1578 – 16 December 1639 8 May 1631 – 16 December 1639 Francis Crawley 1574/5 — 13 February 1650 11 October 1632 – 24 November 1645 Edmund Reeve c. 1589 – 27 March 1647 24 March 1639 – 27 March 1647 Robert Foster 1589 – 27 March 1647 27 January 1640 – 24 November 1645 31 May 1660 – 21 October 1660 Peter Phesant 1584 – 1 October 1649 7 October 1645 – 1 October 1649 John Godbolt d. 3 August 1648 1 May 1647 – 3 August 1648 Richard Cresheld d. 1652 18 October 1648 – 8 February 1649 Thomas Bedingfield 1591/2 — 24 March 1661 22 November 1648 – 8 February 1649 John Puleston c. 1583 – 5 September 1659 12 June 1649 – 1654 Peter Warburton 27 March 1588 – 28 February 1666 12 June 1649 – 1654 Edward Atkyns 1587 – 9 October 1669 23 October 1649 – January 1660 Matthew Hale 1 November 1609 – 25 December 1676 31 January 1653 – May 1659 Hugh Wyndham 1602/3 — 27 July 1684 30 May 1654 – May 1661 22 January 1673 – 27 July 1684 John Archer 1598 – 8 February 1682 11 February 1659 – May 1661 4 November 1663 – 8 February 1682 Robert Hyde 1595/6 — 1 May 1665 31 May 1660 – 19 October 1663 Thomas Tyrrell 1593/4 — 8 March 1672 7 July 1660 – 8 March 1672 Samuel Browne c. 1598 – 11 April 1668 3 November 1660 – 11 April 1668 William Wilde c. 1611 – 11 April 1668 16 April 1668 – 21 January 1673 Robert Atkyns d. 18 February 1710 25 April 1672 – 17 April 1689 William Ellis July 1609 – 3 December 1680 18 December 1672 – 4 July 1676 30 April 1679 – 3 December 1680 William Scroggs c. 1623 – 24 January 1695 23 October 1676 – 31 May 1678 Vere Bertie c. 1638 – 23 February 1681 15 June 1678 – 29 April 1679 Thomas Raymond 1626/7 — 14 July 1683 7 February 1680 – 24 April 1680 Job Charlton c. 1614 – 27 May 1697 26 April 1680 – 20 April 1686 Creswell Levinz 1627 – 29 January 1701 12 February 1681 – 9 February 1686 Thomas Street d. 8 March 1696 29 October 1684 – 1689 Henry Bedingfield 1632 – 6 February 1687 10 February 1686 – 21 April 1686 Edward Lutwyche 6 September 1634 – 11 June 1709 21 April 1686 – 1689 John Powell 1632/3 — 7 September 1696 24 April 1686 – 13 April 1687 18 March 1689 – 7 September 1696 Christopher Milton 1615 – March 1693 14 April 1687 – 6 July 1688 Thomas Jenner 1638 – 31 December 1706 6 July 1688 – 1689 William Gregory 1 March 1625 – 28 May 1696 18 April 1689 – 8 May 1689 Thomas Rokeby c. 1631 – 26 November 1699 8 May 1689 – 25 October 1695 Peyton Ventris November 1645 – 6 April 1691 9 May 1689 – 6 April 1691 Edward Neville d. 7 August 1705 30 October 1691 – 7 August 1705 John Powell 26 May 1645 – 14 June 1713 26 October 1695 – 23 June 1702 John Blencowe 30 November 1642 – 8 May 1726 24 November 1697 – 22 June 1722 Robert Tracy 1655 – 11 September 1735 23 June 1702 – 26 October 1726 Robert Dormer d. 18 September 1726 11 February 1706 – 18 September 1726 Alexander Denton d. 22 March 1740 25 June 1722 – 22 March 1740 Robert Price 14 January 1655 – 2 February 1733 20 October 1726 – 2 February 1733 Francis Page 1660/1 — 19 December 1741 4 November 1726 – 27 September 1727 Spencer Cowper 23 February 1670 – 10 December 1728 24 October 1727 – 10 December 1728 John Fortescue Aland 7 March 1670 – 19 December 1746 23 January 1729 – 25 June 1746 Thomas Reeve 1672/3 — 19 January 1737 15 April 1733 – 26 January 1736 John Comyns c. 1667 – 13 November 1740 5 February 1736 – 7 July 1738 William Fortescue d. 16 December 1749 7 July 1738 – 5 November 1741 Thomas Parker d. 29 December 1784 21 April 1740 – 29 November 1742 Thomas Burnet 19 February 1694 – 7 January 1753 5 November 1741 – 7 January 1753 Thomas Abney 1690/1 — 7 January 1753 10 February 1743 – 19 May 1750 Thomas Birch d. 12 March 1757 24 June 1746 – 12 March 1757 Nathaniel Gundry d. 30 March 1754 23 June 1750 – 30 March 1754 Edward Clive 1704 – 18 April 1771 29 January 1753 – 13 February 1770 Henry Bathurst 20 May 1714 – 6 August 1794 2 May 1754 – 23 January 1771 William Noel 19 March 1695 – 8 December 1762 3 May 1757 – 8 December 1762 Henry Gould 1710 – 5 March 1794 15 December 1762 – 5 March 1794 Joseph Yates 1722 – 7 June 1770 16 February 1770 – 7 June 1770 William Blackstone 10 July 1723 – 14 February 1780 25 June 1770 – 14 February 1780 George Nares 1716 – 20 July 1786 26 January 1771 – 20 July 1786 John Heath 1736 – 16 January 1816 7 July 1780 – 16 January 1816 John Wilson 6 August 1741 – 18 October 1793 6 November 1786 – 18 October 1793 Giles Rooke 3 June 1743 – 7 March 1808 7 November 1793 – 7 March 1808 Soulden Lawrence 1751 – 8 July 1814 7 March 1794 – 18 June 1794 31 March 1808 – 28 May 1812 Francis Buller 17 March 1746 – 4 June 1800 18 June 1794 – 4 June 1800 Alan Chambre 4 October 1739 – 20 September 1823 11 June 1800 – 11 January 1816 Vicary Gibbs 27 October 1751 – 8 February 1820 29 May 1812 – 6 November 1813 Robert Dallas 16 October 1756 – 25 December 1824 18 November 1813 – 4 November 1818 James Alan Park 6 April 1763 – 8 December 1838 23 January 1816 – 8 December 1838 Charles Abbott 7 October 1762 – 4 November 1832 12 February 1816 – 2 May 1816 James Burrough August 1749 – 25 March 1837 4 May 1816 – 16 January 1830 John Richardson 3 March 1771 – 19 March 1841 30 November 1818 – 18 June 1824 Stephen Gaselee d. 26 March 1839 5 July 1824 – 22 February 1837 John Bosanquet 2 May 1773 – 25 September 1847 1 February 1830 – 16 January 1842 Edward Hall Alderson d. 27 January 1857 1 November 1830 – 29 April 1834 John Vaughan 11 February 1769 – 25 September 1839 29 April 1834 – 25 September 1839 Thomas Coltman d. 11 July 1849 23 February 1837 – 11 July 1849 Thomas Erskine 12 March 1788 – 9 November 1864 9 January 1839 – 4 November 1844 William Henry Maule 25 April 1788 – 16 January 1858 11 November 1839 – 3 July 1855 Cresswell Cresswell 20 August 1793 – 29 July 1863 26 January 1842 – 11 January 1858 William Erle 1 October 1793 – 28 January 1880 6 November 1844 – 27 October 1846 Edward Vaughan Williams 1797 – 2 November 1875 27 October 1846 – 7 February 1865 Thomas Noon Talfourd 26 May 1795 – 13 March 1854 28 July 1849 – 13 March 1854 Richard Crowder 17 May 1796 — 5 December 1859 24 March 1854 – 5 December 1859
James Shaw Willes 13 February 1814 – 2 October 1872 3 July 1855 – 2 October 1872 John Barnard Byles 11 January 1801 – 3 February 1884 9 January 1858 – 23 January 1873 Henry Singer Keating 13 January 1804 – 1 October 1888 14 December 1859 – 5 February 1875 Montague Edward Smith 25 December 1806 – 3 May 1891 7 February 1865 – 3 November 1871 William Brett 13 August 1815 – 5 December 1859 24 August 1868 – 1 November 1875 Robert Collier 21 June 1817 – 27 October 1886 7 November 1871 – 22 November 1871 William Robert Grove 11 July 1811 – 1 August 1896 30 November 1871 – 1 November 1875 George Denman 23 December 1819 – 21 December 1896 17 October 1872 – 1 November 1875 George Honyman 22 January 1819 – 16 September 1875 23 January 1873 – 18 February 1875 Thomas Dickson Archibald 1817 – 18 October 1876 6 February 1875 – 1 November 1875 John Walter Huddleston 8 September 1815 – 5 December 1890 22 February 1875 – 12 May 1875 Nathaniel Lindley 29 November 1828 – 9 December 1921 12 May 1875 – 1 November 1875 |
3.-The Court of King's Bench,formalmente The Court of the King Before the King Himself, era un tribunal de derecho común en el sistema legal inglés . Creado a finales del siglo XII y principios del XIII a partir de la curia regis, el Banco del Rey siguió inicialmente al monarca en sus viajes. El Banco del Rey finalmente se unió a la Corte de Causas Comunes y Hacienda de Causas en Westminster Hall en 1318, haciendo sus últimos viajes en 1421. El Banco del Rey se fusionó con el Tribunal Superior de Justicia por la Ley judicial de 1873, después de lo cual el Banco del Rey se convirtió en una división dentro del Tribunal Superior. El Banco del Rey estaba integrado por un juez jefe y, por lo general, tres Jueces de Puisne . |
Justice of the King's Bench Juez del Banco del Rey, era un puesto judicial puisne dentro del Tribunal del Banco del Rey , bajo el juez mayor . El Banco del Rey era un tribunal de derecho common law que, según los académicos modernos, se fundó de forma independiente en 1234, habiendo sido anteriormente parte de la curia regis . El tribunal se convirtió en una parte clave de los tribunales de Westminster, junto con el Exchequer of Pleas (cualificado para escuchar casos relacionados con los ingresos adeudados al Rey) y el Tribunal de Causas Comunes.(habilitado para conocer casos entre subditos); este último fue despojado deliberadamente de su jurisdicción por King's Bench and Exchequer, a través de Bill of Middlesex y Writ of Quominus, respectivamente. |
List of Justices. |
Richard Staines d. 1277/8 1272–1274 Nicholas Stapleton d. 1290 1273–1274 Walter de Helyun 1273–1278 William Saham 1288–1290 Walter Hopton 1235–1295/6 1274–1278 Walter Wimborne 1276–1289 Ellis Sutton 1285–1287 William Saham c. 1225–1292 1288–1290 Gilbert de Thornton c. 1245–1295 1290 Roger Brabazon c. 1247–1317 1290–1295 |
Robert Malet d.1294 1290–1294 John Lovel 1294–1230 Gilbert de Rothbury c. 1260–1321 1296 – 10 March 1316 William Ormesby d. 1317 1296–1303 Henry Spigurnel c. 1261–1328 1301–1323 Lambert de Trickingham 6 August 1316 – 6 August 1320 Robert de Malberthorp d. 1331/2 6 August 1320 – 1 May 1329 John Stonor c. 1281 – August 1354 1323 – 3 May 1324 Walter Friskeney 3 May 1324 – 1326 6 March 1327 – 1328 Robert Baynard d.1329/30 9 March 1327 – 1329 John Shardelow d. 5 March 1344 11 September 1329 – 29 January 1332 Henry Hambury c. 1271 – c. 1350 30 December 1329 – 1330 |
Richard de Willoughby c. 1290 – 14 March 1362 22 December 1330 – 28 March 133 Thomas Louth 22 December 1330 – 1331 Geoffrey Edenham 18 January 1331 – 1333 Thomas Bacon d. 1336 28 January 1332 – 1335 William Denum d. 1350 1332–1334 William de Shareshull 1289/90–1369 20 March 1334 – 14 May 1334 22 October 1344 – 10 November 1345 Robert de Scardeburgh c. 1348 24 September 1334 – 1344 William Faunt 1338 Robert Brundish 1338 William Scott d. 1352/6 2 May 1339 – 8 January 1341 Roger Baukwell d. c. 1350 8 January 1341 – 1348 William Basset d. 1356/7 28 October 1341 – 1353 Adam Stonegrave 1342 William Thorpe d. 27 May 1361 1345 – 16 November 1346 Thomas Seton d. 1359/60 1354–1355 5 July 1357 William de Notton c. 1365 12 October 1355 – 10 July 1361 Thomas Ingleby 25 June 1361 – 1377 Robert Tresilian d. 19 February 1388 6 May 1378 – 22 June 1381 David Hanmer d. 1387 26 February 1383 – 1386 John Lockton 25 October 1387 |
John Hill d. 1408 20 May 1389 – 1407 Hugh Huls d. 3 July 1415 20 May 1389 30 May 1394 - 1414 Robert Tyrwhitt d. 6 January 1428 4 May 1408 – 6 January 1428 Roger Horton d. 30 April 1423 16 June 1415 – 1422 William Cheyne d. 1443 16 June 1415 – 21 January 1424 John Hals 23 January 1424 - 1434 William Westbury d. 25 December 1448 6 February 1426 – 21 February 1445 William Goderede d. 1 January 1455 3 July 1434 – 1 January 1455 Died William Yelverton d. 27 March 1476 1 July 1443 – 6 April 1471 John Markham 6 February 1444 – 13 May 1461 Richard Bingham 22 May 1476 5 May 1445 – 6 April 1471 Ralph Pole d. 1460 3 July 1453 – 18 March 1460 Thomas Billing d. 5 May 1481 9 August 1464 – 23 January 1469 William Laken d. 6 October 1475 4 June 1465 – 6 October 1475 Richard Nele 18 April 1469 – 17 June 1471 John Needham d. 25 April 1480 17 June 1471 – 25 April 1480 Thomas Yonge d. 3/4 May 1477 29 April 1475 – 3/4 May 1477 Guy Fairfax d. 1495 8 October 1477 – 1495 William Jenney d. 22/23 December 1483 14 May 1481 – 22/23 John Sulyard d. 14 March 1488 22 October 1484 – 14 March 1488 |
Thomas Tremayle d. 10 September 1508 16 June 1488 – 10 September 1508 Robert Rede d. 7/8 January 1519 24 November 1495 – 26 November 1506 Robert Brudenell 1461 – 30 January 1531 28 April 1507 – 23 April 1520 Humphrey Coningsby d. 2 June 1535 21 May 1509 – 28 November 1533 John More d. 5 November 1530 23 April 1520 – 5 November 1530 John FitzJames c. 1470 – 1538 6 February 1522 – 24 January 1526 John Port d. March 1540 10 July 1525 – March 1540 John Spelman d. 26 January 1546 3 July 1531 – 26 January 1546 Walter Luke d. 21 July 1544 28 November 1533 – 21 July 1544 William Coningsby d. 10 September 1540 5 July 1540 – 10 September 1540 Edmund Mervin d. 1553 22 November 1540 – 1553 Thomas Bromley d. 15 May 1555 5 November 1544 – 4 October 1553 William Portman 1497/8 – 5 February 1557 14 May 1546 – 11 June 1555 John Whiddon d. 27 January 1576 4 October 1553 – 27 January 1576 William Dalison d. 18 January 1559 2 November 1555 – 18 January 1559 Francis Morgan d. 19 August 1558 23 January 1558 – 19 August 1558 James Dyer 1510 – 24 March 1582 23 April 1558 – 27 April 1558 William Rastell d. 27 August 1565 27 October 1558 – 10 February 1563 Reginald Corbet d. 19 November 1566 16 October 1559 – 19 November 1566 John Southcote d. 18 April 1585 10 February 1563 – 1 June 1584 |
Thomas Carus d. 5 July 1571 31 May 1567 – 5 July 1571 Christopher Wray 14 May 1572 – 8 November 1574 Thomas Gawdy d. 5 November 1588 16 November 1574 – 5 November 1588 John Jeffrey 15 May 1576 – 12 October 1577 William Ayloffe d. 17 November 1584 3 February 1578 – 17 November 1584 John Clench d. 18/19 August 1607 29 May 1584 – 7 February 1602 Robert Shute d. 1590 8 February 1585 – 1590 Francis Gawdy 25 November 1588 – 26 August 1605 Edward Fenner d. 23/24 January 1612 16 May 1590 – 23/24 January 1612 Christopher Yelverton d. 1 November 1612 8 February 1602 – 1 November 1612 David Williams d. 22 January 1613 4 February 1604 – 22 January 1613 Lawrence Tanfield 13 January 1606 – 25 June 1607 John Croke d. 23 January 1620 25 June 1607 – 23 January 1620 John Doddridge d. 12 September 1628 25 November 1612 – 12 September 1628 Robert Houghton d. 6 February 1624 21 April 1613 – 6 February 1624 Thomas Chamberlayne 8 October 1620 – 20 October 1624 William Jones d. 10 December 1640 17 October 1624 – 10 December 1640 James Whitelocke d. 20 June 1632 18 October 1624 – 20 June 1632 George Croke 9 October 1628 – 25 March 1641 Robert Berkeley d. 5 August 1656 11 October 1632 – 12 September 1643 Robert Heath 23 January 1641 – 11 October 1642 Thomas Malet 1 July 1641 – 24 November 1645 31 May 1660 – 13 June 1663 Francis Bacon d. 22 August 1657 14 October 1642 – 8 February 1649 Robert Brerewood 31 January 1644 – June 1646 Henry Rolle 7 October 1645 – 15 November 1648 Samuel Browne 22 November 1648 – 8 February 1649 Philip Jermyn 22 November 1648 – 18 March 1654 Robert Nicholas 12 June 1649 – 23 January 1654 19 January 1660 – May 1660 Richard Aske d. 23 June 1656 12 June 1649 – 23 June 1656 Richard Newdigate 30 May 1654 – 1 May 1655 13 June 1657 – 19 January 1660 Peter Warburton 11 February 1656 – May 1659 Roger Hill 19 January 1660 – May 1660 Thomas Twisden d. 2 January 1683 27 June 1660 – 2 January 1683 Wadham Wyndham 24 November 1660 – 24/5 December 1668 John Kelynge 18 June 1663 – 21 November 1665 William Morton d. 23 September 1672 23 November 1665 – 23 September 1672 Richard Raynsford 6 February 1669 – 12 April 1676 William Wilde d. 23 November 1679 21 January 1673 – 29 April 1679 Thomas Jones 13 April 1676 – 29 September 1683 William Dolben d. 25 January 1694 23 October 1678 – 18 April 1683 18 March 1689 – 25 January 1694 Dismissed Francis Pemberton 1 May 1679 – 16 February 1680 Thomas Raymond d. 14 July 1683 24 April 1680 – 14 July 1683 Francis Wythens 25 April 1683 – 21 April 1687 Richard Holloway 25 September 1683 – 2 July 1688 Thomas Walcot d. 6 September 1685 22 October 1683 – 6 September 1685 Died Robert Wright 10 October 1685 – 13 April 1687 John Powell 13 April 1687 – 2 July 1688 Richard Allibond d. 22 August 1688 27 April 1687 – 22 August 1688 Thomas Powell 6 July 1688 – 1689 Robert Baldock 6 July 1688 – 1689 |
Thomas Stringer 22 October 1688 – 1689 William Gregory d. 28 May 1696 8 May 1689 – 28 May 1696 Giles Eyre d. 2 June 1695 8 May 1689 – 2 June 1695 Samuel Eyre d. 12 September 1698 19 February 1694 – 12 September 1698 Thomas Rokeby d. 26 November 1699 25 October 1695 – 26 November 1699 John Turton 27 June 1696 – 8 June 1702 Henry Gould d. 26 March 1710 30 January 1699 – 26 March 1710 Littleton Powys 26 January 1701 – 26 October 1726 John Powell 23 June 1702 – 2 June 1713 Robert Eyre 12 May 1710 – 21 November 1723 Thomas Powys 3 June 1713 – 14 October 1714 John Pratt 20 November 1714 – 19 May 1718 John Fortescue Aland 19 May 1718 – 27 September 1727 Robert Raymond 31 January 1724 – 2 March 1725 James Reynolds 16 March 1725 – 28 April 1730 Edmund Probyn 4 November 1726 – 24 November 1740 Francis Page d. 19 December 1741 27 September 1727 – 19 December 1741 William Lee 13 June 1730 – 8 June 1737 William Chapple d. 15 March 1745 16 June 1737 – 15 March 1745 Martin Wright 24 November 1740 – 6 February 1755 |
Thomas Denison 11 February 1742 – 14 February 1765 Michael Foster d. 7 November 1763 22 April 1745 – 7 November 1763 John Eardley Wilmot 11 February 1755 – 20 August 1766 Joseph Yates 23 January 1764 – 16 February 1770 Richard Aston d. 1 March 1778 24 April 1765 – 1 March 1778 James Hewitt 5 November 1766 – 24 November 1767 Edward Willes d. 14 January 1787 29 January 1768 – 14 January 1787 William Blackstone 16 February 1770 – 25 June 1770 William Henry Ashurst 25 June 1770 – 3 June 1799 Francis Buller 6 May 1778 – 18 June 1794 Nash Grose 9 February 1787 – 16 June 1813 Soulden Lawrence 18 June 1794 – 31 March 1808 Simon Le Blanc d. 15 April 1816 5 June 1799 – 15 April 1816 John Bayley 7 May 1808 – 11 November 1830 Henry Dampier d. 3 February 1816 23 June 1813 – 3 February 1816 George Sowley Holroyd 20 February 1816 – 17 November 1828 Charles Abbott 3 May 1816 – 4 November 1818 William Best 28 November 1818 – 15 April 1824 Joseph Littledale 4 May 1824 – 11 February 1841 James Parke 17 November 1828 – 29 April 1834 |
William Elias Taunton d. 11 January 1835 11 November 1830 – 11 January 1835 John Patteson 11 November 1830 – 11 February 1852 John Williams d. 14/15 September 1846 29 April 1834 – 14/15 September 1846 John Taylor Coleridge 26 January 1835 – 14 June 1858 William Wightman d. 10 December 1863 15 February 1841 – 10 December 1863 William Erle 27 October 1846 – 24 June 1859 Charles John Crompton d. 30 October 1865 11 February 1852 – 30 October 1865 Hugh Hill 14 June 1858 – 3 December 1861 Colin Blackburn 28 June 1859 – 1 November 1875 John Mellor 3 December 1861 – 1 November 1875 William Shee 19 December 1863 – 19 February 1868 Robert Lush 2 November 1865 – 1 November 1875 James Hannen 25 February 1868 – 20 November 1872 George Hayes d. 24 November 1869 25 August 1868 – 24 November 1869 John Richard Quain 5 January 1872 – 1 November 1875 Thomas Dickson Archibald 20 November 1872 – 6 February 1875 William Field 6 February 1875 – 1 November 1875 |
Lord Chief Justices of the King's (Queen's) Bench |
William de Raley 1234 1239 Sir Stephen de Segrave 1239 1241 William of York 1241 1247 Henry of Bath 1249 1251 Sir Gilbert of Seagrave 1251 1253 Henry of Bath 1253 1260 Sir William of Wilton 1261 1263 Nicholas de Turri 1265 1267 Sir Robert de Briwes 1268 6 November 1269 Richard of Staines 6 November 1269 1273 Martin of Littlebury 1273 1274 Ralph de Hengham.jpg Ralph de Hengham 1274 1290 Gilbert de Thornton 1290 1296 Sir Roger Brabazon 1296 March 1316 Sir William Inge March 1316 15 June 1317 Sir Henry le Scrope 15 June 1317 September 1323 Hervey de Stanton September 1323 21 March 1324 Sir Geoffrey le Scrope 21 March 1324 1 May 1329 Sir Robert de Malberthorp 1 May 1329 28 October 1329 Sir Henry le Scrope 28 October 1329 19 December 1330 Sir Geoffrey le Scrope 19 December 1330 28 March 1332 Sir Richard de Willoughby 28 March 1332 20 September 1332 Sir Geoffrey le Scrope 20 September 1332 10 September 1333 Sir Richard de Willoughby 10 September 1333 1337 Sir Geoffrey le Scrope 1337 October 1338 Sir Richard de Willoughby October 1338 21 July 1340 Sir Robert Parning 21 July 1340 8 January 1341 Sir William Scott 8 January 1341 26 November 1346 Sir William de Thorpe 26 November 1346 26 October 1350 Sir William de Shareshull 26 October 1350 24 May 1361 Sir Henry Green 24 May 1361 29 October 1365 Sir John Knyvet 29 October 1365 15 July 1372 Sir John de Cavendish 15 July 1372 14 June 1381 Sir Robert Tresilian 22 June 1381 17 November 1387 Sir Walter Clopton 31 January 1388 21 October 1400 Sir William Gascoigne 15 November 1400 29 March 1413 Sir William Hankford 29 March 1413 12 December 1423 Sir William Cheyne 21 January 1424 20 January 1439 Sir John Juyn 20 January 1439 24 March 1440 Sir John Hody 13 April 1440 25 January 1442 Sir John Fortescue 25 January 1442 13 May 1461 Sir John Markham 13 May 1461 23 January 1469 Sir Thomas Billing 23 January 1469 5 May 1481 Sir William Hussey 7 May 1481 8 September 1495 Sir John Fineux 24 November 1495 23 January 1526 Sir John FitzJames 23 January 1526 21 January 1539 Sir Edward Montagu 21 January 1539 9 November 1545 Sir Richard Lyster 9 November 1545 21 March 1552 Sir Roger Cholmeley 21 March 1552 4 October 1553 Sir Thomas Bromley 4 October 1553 11 June 1555 Sir William Portman 11 June 1555 8 May 1557 Sir Edward Saunders 8 May 1557 22 January 1559 Sir Robert Catlyn 22 January 1559 8 November 1574 Sir Christopher Wray 8 November 1574 2 June 1592 Sir John Popham 2 June 1592 25 June 1607 Sir Thomas Fleming 25 June 1607 25 October 1613 Sir Edward Coke 25 October 1613 16 November 1616 Sir Henry Montagu 16 November 1616 29 January 1621 Sir James Ley 29 January 1621 26 January 1625 Sir Ranulph Crewe 26 January 1625 5 February 1627 Sir Nicholas Hyde 5 February 1627 24 October 1631 Sir Thomas Richardson 24 October 1631 4 February 1635† Sir John Bramston 14 April 1635 31 October 1642 Sir Robert Heath 31 October 1642 October 1645 Sir Henry Rolle 12 October 1648 15 June 1655 John Glynne 15 June 1655 17 January 1660 Knighted in 1660 Sir Richard Newdigate 17 January 1660 1 October 1660 Sir Robert Foster 21 October 1660 4 October 1663† Sir Robert Hyde 19 October 1663 1 May 1665† Sir John Kelynge 21 November 1665 9 May 1671† Sir Matthew Hale 18 May 1671 20 February 1676 Sir Richard Raynsford 12 April 1676 31 May 1678 Sir William Scroggs 31 May 1678 11 April 1681 Sir Francis Pemberton 11 April 1681 1682 Sir Edmund Saunders 23 January 1683 19 June 1683 Sir George Jeffreys (Lord Jeffreys from 1685) 28 September 1683 23 October 1685 Sir Edward Herbert 23 October 1685 22 April 1687 Sir Robert Wright 22 April 1687 17 April 1689 Sir John Holt 17 April 1689 5 March 1710† Sir Thomas Parker (Lord Parker from 1714) 11 March 1710 15 May 1718 Sir John Pratt 15 May 1718 24 February 1725 Sir Robert Raymond (Lord Raymond from 1731) 2 March 1725 31 October 1733† Lord Hardwicke 31 October 1733 8 June 1737 Sir William Lee 8 June 1737 8 April 1754† Sir Dudley Ryder 2 May 1754 25 May 1756† Lord Mansfield (Earl of Mansfield from 1776) 8 November 1756 4 June 1788 Lloyd, 1st Baron Kenyon after Sir Martin Archer Shee.jpg Lord Kenyon 4 June 1788 4 April 1802† Lord Ellenborough 11 April 1802 2 November 1818 Sir Charles Abbott (Lord Tenterden from 1827) 2 November 1818 4 November 1832† Sir Thomas Denman (Lord Denman from 1834) 4 November 1832 5 March 1850 Lord Campbell 5 March 1850 24 June 1859 Sir Alexander Cockburn, Bt 24 June 1859 20 November 1880† |
The Bill of Middlesex fue una ficción legal utilizada por el Tribunal del banco del Rey para obtener jurisdicción sobre los casos tradicionalmente en el ámbito del Tribunal de Causas Comunes . Basándose en la jurisdicción penal restante del King's Bench sobre el condado de Middlesex , el proyecto de ley le permitió tomar casos tradicionalmente en el ámbito de competencia de otros tribunales del common law al afirmar que el acusado había cometido una infracción en Middlesex. Una vez que el acusado estaba bajo custodia, la denuncia de traspaso se retiraría discretamente y se sustituiría por otras denuncias (como deuda o detención ). El Tribunal de King's Bench, donde se creó y utilizó el Bill of Middlesex era parte de un gran movimiento de reforma para evitar que los tribunales equitativos , como el Tribunal de Cancillería, socavaran sus negocios. Era mucho más barato y rápido que los equivalentes más antiguos utilizados por Chancery y Common Pleas, lo que provocó una caída en su negocio y un aumento en el King's Bench. Como tal, la Cancillería emitió medidas cautelares en un intento ineficaz de evitar su uso. The Bill fue finalmente abolido por la Ley de Uniformidad del Proceso de 1832 . Como resultado de acciones de reforma como la Ley de Middlesex, Common Pleas se volvió cada vez más conservador y resistente a los cambios del King's Bench debido al impacto que tuvieron en el negocio de Common Pleas. Esto fue mejor enfatizado por Slade's Case , una lucha entre las formas viejas y nuevas de demandar por incumplimiento de contrato; aunque finalmente se alcanzó un equilibrio entre los tribunales del common law, finalmente condujo a su anulación con la Ley judicial de 1873 y la fusión en una sola Corte Superior de Justicia. |
The writ of quominus, or writ of quo minus era una acción y una ficción legal que permitía al Tribunal de Hacienda obtener jurisdicción sobre los casos normalmente llevados ante el Tribunal de Causas Comunes. El Tesoro tenía la tarea de recaudar los ingresos del Rey, y la ficción legal funcionó al hacer que el demandante en un caso de deuda afirmara que era deudor del rey y que la deuda del demandado le impedía pagar al Rey. Como tal, el acusado sería arrestado y el caso sería escuchado por el tribunal de hacienda. Los predecesores de la orden estuvieron en uso desde al menos 1230, y fue de uso común (aunque estricto) durante el siglo XVI. El uso continuó en el siglo XIX, hasta que se abolieron todos los escritos originales en 1883. |
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